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everydayness\uff09\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab\u5355\u5355\u770b\u4f5c\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u65b9\u9762\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5e73\u5747\u65e5\u5e38\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u975e\u672c\u771f\uff08inauthentic\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5148\u5929\u5730\u5177\u6709\u751f\u5b58\u8bba\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5e73\u5747\u65e5\u5e38\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u5728\u4ecd\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u91cc\u6b64\u5728\uff08Da-sein\uff09\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u65e5\u5e38\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u4e2d\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u751a\u6216\u5904\u4e8e\u9003\u907f\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u548c\u9057\u5fd8\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u7c7b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f9d\u5bd3\u4e16\u754c\u800c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u66f4\u5207\u8fd1\u4e00\u5c42\u89e3\u91ca\u51fa\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u6d88\u6563\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u9c7c\u76f8\u5fd8\u4e8e\u6c5f\u6e56\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u4f9d\u5bd3\u201d\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6839\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u5728\u4e4b\u4e2d\u201d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u73af\u8282\u3002\u5728\u4e16\u5b58\u6709\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bd3\u5c45\u4e8e\u4e16\uff08Being-in-the-world\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4eba\u4eba\uff08they\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u6b64\u6709\uff08Dasein\uff09\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u610f\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u5c48\u4ece\u522b\u4eba\uff08subservient\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\uff08averageness\uff09\u548c\u538b\u5e73\u81ea\u5df1\uff08levelling down oneself\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b64\u6709\u65e0\u987b\u627f\u62c5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b58\u6709\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8ba9\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u672c\u771f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff08being authentic\uff09\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5207\u5df2\u72b6\u6001\uff1b\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\uff0c\u6b64\u6709\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u4eba\u4eba\uff08they\uff09\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eba\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u5f81\u53d6\u5f97\u652f\u914d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u4eba\u81ea\u6211\u201d\uff08das Man-selbst, they-self\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b83\uff08they-self\uff09\u4e0e\u6b64\u6709\u7684\u672c\u771f\u81ea\u6211\uff08authentic 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u800c\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u6709\u5fc5\u987b\u6b63\u89c6\u5b83\u3001\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u4e0d\u88ab\u5b83\u652f\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u53bb\u652f\u914d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\uff08they\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5947\u602a\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u82e5\u6b64\u6709\u6108\u662f\u6b63\u89c6\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u6108\u4e0d\u80fd\u652f\u914d\u6b64\u6709\uff1b\u6b64\u6709\u6108\u662f\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u652f\u914d\u529b\u6108\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5199\u5b8c\u76f8\u5f53\u4f20\u7edf\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u548c\u6559\u6388\u8d44\u683c\u8bba\u6587\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u5b66\u9662\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\uff0c\u56e0\u7740\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9f50\u514b\u679c\uff0c\u5c3c\u91c7\uff0c\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u72c4\u5c14\u6cf0\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u6587\u672c\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u52a8\u6447\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u628a\u5145\u6ee1\u5076\u7136\u7684\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u52a8\u7740\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u5173\u8054\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Bezugssysteme\uff09\uff0c\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u548c\u5176\u5bf9\u8d85\u8d8a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u771f\u7406\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762\u3002\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u64b7\u53d6\u4e86\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u8bba\u6027\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u9aa8\u5e72\u3002\u4ee4\u4ed6\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u88ab\u5851\u9020\u6210\u5982\u6b64\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u975e\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u5b66\uff08Hermeneutik der Faktizit\u00e4t\uff09\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u628a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5f53\u6210\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u5f53\u505a\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4e8b\u7269\u201d\uff08Ding\uff09\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fbe\u81f3\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u9886\u4f1a\uff08Lebensvollzug\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5728 1920\/21\u5e74\u7684\u8bb2\u8bfe\u201c\u5b97\u6559\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u95e8\u5f92\u4fdd\u7f57\u7684\u8bdd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u201c\u4e3b\u7684\u767d\u65e5\u5c06\u6765\u5230\uff0c\u72b9\u5982\u5c0f\u5077\u5728\u9ed1\u591c\u5230\u6765\u201d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u95e8\u5f92\u7684\u539f\u521d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u611f\u53d7\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u5c1a\u672a\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89c4\u5b9a\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u53bb\u652f\u914d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u968f\u65f6\u968f\u5730\u7684\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a81\u7136\u4f1a\u95ef\u5165\uff08\u751f\u6d3b\uff09\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08Ereignis\uff09\u6240\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\uff0c\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f4\u63a5\u6027\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762[7]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80e1\u585e\u5c14\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u5f88\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e8e\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u80e1\u585e\u5c14\u8ba9\u4ed6\u770b\u5176\u8fd8\u672a\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u7a3f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e0c\u671b\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u597d\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u4f46\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5374\u8ffd\u968f\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u80e1\u585e\u5c14\u4e5f\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u201c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u6211\u7684\u7a3f\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7279\u522b\u662f\u72c4\u5c14\u6cf0\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u65e2\u6210\u6027\uff08die historische Gewordenheit\uff09\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5076\u7136\u6027\uff08Kontingenz\uff09\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u80e1\u585e\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u7edd\u5bf9\u5730\u6709\u6548\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u6027\u201d\uff08absolut g\u00fcltige Wesenheiten des Bewusstseins\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u201d[9]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u9886\u4f1a\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u4e5f\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u80e1\u585e\u5c14\u5bf9\u8d85\u9a8c\u81ea\u6211\uff08ein transzendentales Ich\uff09\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u8fd8\u539f\uff0c\u8d85\u9a8c\u81ea\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u7edf\u89c9\u6027\uff08apperzeptiv\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u53d7\u5230\u9f50\u514b\u679c\u751f\u5b58\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u4e3b\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u300b\u4e2d\u6c47\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1927\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u300a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u300b\uff08Sein und Zeit\uff09\u662f\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u5212\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u662f\u4ed6\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee4\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u5f17\u840a\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u6388\u4e00\u804c\u3002\u6b64\u4e66\u53ea\u662f\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u653e\u5f03\u5199\u4f5c\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u5b9a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u900f\u8fc7\u786e\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\uff08existence\uff09\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u6709\uff08Sein\/being\/esse\uff09\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u6027\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a2\u8be2\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u53ca\u5883\u51b5\u3002 \u300a\u5b58\u6709\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u300b\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4ed6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5411\u6b7b\u5b58\u6709\uff08das Sein zum Tode\uff09\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u6027\uff08Individualit\u00e4t\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08\u672c\u771f\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u672c\u771f\u6027\uff09(Eigentlichkeit\/Uneigentlichkeit)\uff0c\u826f\u5fc3\uff08Gewissen\uff09\uff0c\u7f6a\u8d23\uff08Schuld\uff09\u548c\u53f2\u6027\uff08Geschichtlichkeit\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1927\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u8be5\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\uff08die Frage nach dem Sinn von Sein\uff09\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5728\u4e66\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u5f15\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u4f60\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u2018\u5b58\u5728\u7740\uff08seiend\uff09\u2019\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\u4f60\u4eec\u90fd\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5374\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u56f0\u60d1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6839\u636e\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\uff0c\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u4f9d\u65e7\u60ac\u800c\u672a\u51b3\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u2018\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u2019\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7a76\u7adf\u8868\u8fbe\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b54\u6848\u4e48\uff1f\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u91cd\u65b0\u63d0\u51fa\u2018\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u2019\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u8ffd\u95ee\u5b58\u6709\u3002\u5f53\u4ed6\u8ffd\u95ee\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u9884\u8bbe\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u4e16\u754c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56e2\u6742\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5173\u8054\u6027\uff08sinnhafte Bez\u00fcge\uff09\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u591a\u69d8\u6027\uff08Mannigfaltigkeit\uff09\u4e2d\u4f9d\u65e7\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\uff08Einheitlichkeit\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u9524\u5b50\u548c\u9489\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5173\u8054\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u8054\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\u5462\uff1f\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u54ea\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u88ab\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u89c6\u57df\uff08Horizont\uff09\uff0c\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u5b58\u5728\u4e4b\u4e8b\u5462\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c6\u57df\uff0c\u4ece\u5b83\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u8bf8\u5982\u5b58\u6709\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u201d\u6839\u636e\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u81f3\u4eca\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u90fd\u672a\u88ab\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u5b58\u6709\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u201c\u5b58\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u201d\uff08die Seinsfrage\uff09\u5374\u4ece\u6765\u672a\u88ab\u8fd9\u69d8\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u53bb\u8ffd\u95ee\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u81f3\u4eca\u7684\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u5b58\u6709\u5f53\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b58\u6709\u8005\u5728\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u201d\uff08Gegenwart\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u4e2d\uff08\u5373\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff09\u80fd\u88ab\u523b\u753b\u4e3a\u201c\u73b0\u5b58\u8005\u201d\uff08das Vorhandene\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u573a\u8005\u88ab\u770b\u6210\u662f\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u73b0\u5728\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u7684\u201d\uff08gegenw\u00e4rtig\uff09\u5728\u573a\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7684\u3001\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5173\u8054\uff1a\u4ece\u201c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u5b58\u5728\uff08etwas ist\uff09\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u65ad\u51fa\u53d1\u201c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff08was etwas ist\uff09\u201d\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u628a\u5b58\u6709\u5f53\u6210\u4f8b\u5982\u662f\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\u6216\u201c \u7269\u8d28 \u201d\u7684\u8fd9\u69d8\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u6709\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u4e0e\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u201d\u7684\u5173\u8054\u4e2d\u88ab\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u73b0\u6709\u8005\u662f\u73b0\u5728\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e \u8fc7\u53bb\u548c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u672c\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff08\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff09\u5b83\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u89c6\u57df\uff08Verst\u00e4ndnishorizont\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u9524\u5b50\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u9489\u5b50\u6572\u8fdb\u6728\u677f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u680b\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u4e34\u7684\u66b4\u98ce\u96e8\u9762\u524d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u9524\u5b50\u9664\u4e86\u662f\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6728\u6599\u548c\u94c1\u5757\u4ee5\u5916\u8fd8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff08was etwas ist\uff09\u201d\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08der ontologische Reduktionismus\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u770b\u6765\u662f\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u8bd5\u56fe\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8fd8\u539f\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u521d\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff08ein Urprinzip\uff09\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u88ab\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u6279\u5224\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u795e\u5b66\uff08Onto-Theologie\uff09\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u7b49\u540c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81f3\u4eca\uff08\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\uff09\u4e3a\u6b62\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5373\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u6709\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7eb3\u5165\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u57fa\u7840\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u6765\u7ea0\u6b63\u3002\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u60f3\u5728\u300a\u5b58\u6709\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u300b\u4e2d\u4e3a\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u5960\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u4ed6\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5b58\u6709\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u5dee\u5f02Ontologische Differenz\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b3c\u7edf\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5728\u300a\u5b58\u6709\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u300b\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u89c6\u57df\uff08Verst\u00e4ndnishorizont\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4e16\u754c\u5185\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8005\uff08innerweltlich Seiendes\uff09\u624d\u88ab\u9047\u89c1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u5316\u7684\uff08kontextuell\uff09\u89c6\u57df\u4e2d\u6e38\u79fb\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u57df\u4e2d\u5b58\u6709\u8005\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u655e\u5f00\uff08offenbar wird\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7167\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff08Bedeutung\uff09\u624d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\uff0c\u610f\u8c13\u8457\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u8054\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u8d85\u9a8c\u7684(wird transzendiert)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u88ab\u8d85\u8d8a\uff08\u00fcber-stiegen\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8005\u4e0e\u6574\u4f53\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0e\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5173\u8054\u4e2d\u5b83\u624d\u83b7\u5f97\u5b83\u7684\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u6027\u201d\uff08Bedeutsamkeit\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u88ab\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e2d\u7684\u88ab\u7ed9\u4e88\u8005\uff1a\u201c\u5b58\u6709\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u9a8c\u8005\u3002\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63ed\u793a\uff08Erschlie\u00dfung\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d85\u9a8c\u8005\u7684\u63ed\u793a\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u9a8c\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\uff08transzendentale Erkenntnis\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u5dee\u5f02\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8005\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u73b0\u5728\uff08\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u8005\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u88ab\u8d85\u8d8a\u800c\u4e0e\u6574\u4f53\u53d1\u751f\u5173\u8054\uff1a\u5728\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5c55\u671b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u6765\u81ea\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u88ab\u672c\u8d28\u6027\u5730\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u5730\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b58\u6709\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u89c6\u57df\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u59cb\u7ec8\u672a\u88ab\u4e3b\u9898\u5316\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff08die unthematische Voraussetzung\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u88ab\u9047\u89c1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u5728\u201c\u88ab\u7ed9\u4e88\u8005\u201d\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u201c\u7ed9\u4e88\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7ed9\u4e88\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u672a\u88ab\u4e3b\u9898\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5b58\u6709\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5c55\u5f00\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u800c\u5b58\u6709\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u6709\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5b58\u6709\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5374\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u5206\u5f00\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5b58\u6709\u5448\u73b0\u81ea\u8eab\uff08zeigt sich\uff09\u4e3a\u5207\u8fd1\u8005\uff08das N\u00e4chste\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\uff08Umgehen\uff09\u4e2d, \u5b83\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5148\u5728\u7684\u548c\u540c\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u89c6\u57df\u7684\u5b58\u6709\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u4e3b\u9898\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u89c6\u57df\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u5145\u6ee1(Fullfill)\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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